Complete sets of electrical control cabinets can be classified from multiple perspectives:
- Classification by control object
Motor control cabinet
This type of control cabinet is mainly used to control the operation of the motor. The motor is the most common power equipment in many fields such as industrial production. The motor control cabinet can realize the functions of starting, stopping, forward and reverse rotation, and speed regulation of the motor.
For example, in the workshop of the factory, the motor used to drive the conveyor belt requires a special motor control cabinet. It can control the start and stop of the conveyor belt motor according to the needs of the production process, and can also realize the forward or reverse conveying of the conveyor belt by changing the rotation direction of the motor. For some motors that need speed regulation, such as the spindle motor of the machine tool, the motor control cabinet can also accurately control the speed of the motor through frequency conversion speed regulation and other methods to meet different processing requirements.
Lighting control cabinet
Mainly used to control the lighting system inside the building or outdoor places. It can realize the functions of group control, timing control, and brightness adjustment of lighting fixtures in different areas.
For example, in the lighting control system of a large shopping mall, the lighting control cabinet can divide the lighting of the mall into different areas, such as store lighting area, channel lighting area, display lighting area, etc. Through the control cabinet, the lighting of each area can be controlled separately, all of which are turned on during business hours, and only some necessary channel lighting is turned on during non-business hours. In addition, some lighting control cabinets also have dimming functions, which adjust the brightness of indoor lighting fixtures according to the intensity of natural light to achieve energy saving.
Heat pump control cabinet
Used to control the operation of the heat pump system. The heat pump is an efficient energy conversion device that can be used in various occasions such as heating and cooling. The heat pump control cabinet can control the key components of the heat pump, such as the compressor and fan.
Taking the air source heat pump as an example, during winter heating, the heat pump control cabinet can control the operating frequency of the heat pump compressor based on the feedback information from the indoor and outdoor temperature sensors, so that the heat pump system can operate in the best working condition, efficiently extract heat from the outdoor air, and transfer it to the indoor heating system. During summer cooling, the operation of the heat pump can also be adjusted through the control cabinet to achieve the cooling function.
Frequency converter control cabinet
The frequency converter control cabinet is mainly used to control the frequency converter, and then adjust the speed of the motor. The inverter is a power electronic device that can change the power supply frequency and voltage of the AC motor. The inverter control cabinet realizes the functions of soft starting, speed regulation and energy saving of the motor by controlling the parameter setting of the inverter.
For example, in the elevator control system, the inverter control cabinet can accurately control the speed of the elevator motor, so that the elevator can run smoothly during the start and stop stages, and improve the riding comfort of passengers. At the same time, in some industrial occasions where the motor speed needs to be adjusted according to load changes, such as the control of fans, water pumps and other equipment, the inverter control cabinet can dynamically adjust the motor speed according to the actual flow or pressure requirements to achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction.
- Classification by control method
Manual control cabinet
A manual control cabinet refers to a control cabinet that requires manual direct operation of buttons, switches, etc. to control electrical equipment. This control method is simple and direct, and the operator can control it at any time according to the actual situation on site.
For example, in some small and simple mechanical processing equipment, the operator controls the operation of the equipment through the start and stop buttons on the manual control cabinet. Manual control is very effective during the equipment debugging stage or when the equipment encounters abnormal conditions and requires manual intervention.
Automatic control cabinet
Automatic control cabinet is a control cabinet that automatically controls according to a pre-set program or logic. It can automatically adjust the operating status of electrical equipment according to the signals fed back by sensors, such as temperature, pressure, liquid level, etc.
For example, in an automated sewage treatment plant, the automatic control cabinet can automatically control the start and stop of the sewage pump according to the signal of the liquid level sensor in the sewage pool. When the liquid level reaches a certain height, the control cabinet automatically starts the sewage pump to pump out the sewage; when the liquid level drops to the set value, the sewage pump automatically stops to realize the automated operation of the sewage treatment process.
Remote control cabinet
The remote control cabinet can realize remote control through network communication technology. Operators can operate and monitor the electrical control cabinet through terminal devices such as computers and mobile phones in places far away from the equipment site, such as the control center.
For example, in some widely distributed power substation networks, staff can remotely operate the electrical equipment in each substation through the remote control cabinet in the monitoring center of the power grid, such as remotely controlling the closing and opening of the circuit breaker, and can also view the operating parameters of the equipment in real time, such as voltage and current. This greatly improves the efficiency of equipment management, and can respond quickly in emergency situations, reducing the impact of faults on the power grid.
- Classification by application industry
Industrial control cabinet
Industrial control cabinets are mainly used in various industrial production environments to control industrial production equipment, such as machine tools, cranes, injection molding machines, automated production lines, etc. These control cabinets need to adapt to the harsh environmental conditions of industrial sites, such as dust, high temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc.
For example, in the hot rolling workshop of a steel plant, the industrial control cabinet controls the operation of large equipment such as rolling mills. The workshop is hot and dusty, and the control cabinet needs to have good heat dissipation and dustproof performance to ensure the normal operation of internal electrical components. At the same time, due to the large number of motors and other electrical equipment in the workshop, the control cabinet also needs to have strong electromagnetic compatibility to prevent electromagnetic interference and failure.
Building control cabinet
Electrical system control used in the construction industry, including the power supply and distribution system, lighting system, elevator system, fire protection system, etc. of the building. Building control cabinets usually focus on the coordination of appearance and building environment, and must comply with building electrical design specifications.
For example, in the electrical system of high-end office buildings, building control cabinets are used to control floor distribution boxes, emergency lighting systems, elevator control systems, etc. The appearance design of these control cabinets often matches the decoration style of the office building, and the functions must meet the requirements of fire safety, such as fire linkage control function, which can automatically control the elevator to land and cut off non-fire power supply when a fire occurs.
Power control cabinet
It is mainly used in power systems, including substations, distribution rooms, power plants and other places, and is used to control power equipment such as transformers, switch cabinets, generators, etc. The safety and reliability requirements of power control cabinets are extremely high because they are directly related to the stable operation of the power system.
For example, in the switch cabinet control cabinet of the substation, it controls the opening and closing operations of circuit breakers, disconnectors and other equipment in the switch cabinet, and can also monitor the operating status of the equipment in real time, such as the position of the switch, the voltage and current of the busbar, etc. Problems in any control link may cause large-scale power outages, so the power control cabinet must strictly comply with the power industry standards during the design, manufacturing and maintenance process.
